Link Ch. 4 – A Million Little Memoir Fabrications

Reprinted from my blog from January 27, 2006:

A Million Little Problems Dept. – Fall Out From James Frey’s Fabrications
A week or so ago I ran a guest commentary by my colleague John Temple about his outrage at the apparent fabrications in James Frey’s memoir A Million Little Pieces. I have to admit that prior to seeing his comments, I had given little thought to the book. Drug memoirs (other than Hunter Thompson’s Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas) hold little appeal to me. But over the last couple of weeks there has been a firestorm of criticism of Frey for either grossly exaggerating or outright fabricating what happened to him as an alcoholic and drug addict. Criticism seems to be particularly harsh because fans of the book feel betrayed by Frey and the emotions he brought out in them with what they thought was a true story.

No reader has been more public in her upset than media maven Oprah Winfrey, who had featured Frey on her book club. In the days immediately following the charges against Frey, Oprah stood by the author based on assurances that the book had only a few minor exaggerations. But Thursday she had Frey back on her show and let him have it with both barrels.

While Frey’s major outing came from The Smoking Gun, a few critics had raised questions about the book’s authenticity when it was first released in 2003. The best example comes from the Minneapolis Star Tribune, which addressed the issues in an article from July of 2003. The StTrib took on the issue largely because the rehab clinic Frey was treated at is located in the Minneapolis area. Frey’s story made the famous Hazelden Clinic look very bad, and the clinic has been fighting the image ever since.

One of the most interesting stories I’ve heard on the Frey case comes from NPR’s On The Media. In the interview, Brooke Gladstone talks with Andrew Goldberg of TSG, and book critic Adam Kirsch. The issue is not so much why Frey lied, but what why the book industry publishes a book that raises these kinds of questions.

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Link Ch. 4 – Apple’s e-textbook system

In January of 2012, Apple announced a collection of software to create and use e-textbooks on the iPad.  USA Today’s Edward C. Baig demonstrates it:

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Link Ch. 4 – Meet Amanda Hocking

Meet Amanda Hocking, the indie author sensation who now has a contract with St. Martin’s Press.

Storyseller – A profile of author Amanda Hocking in the New York Times Sunday Magazine.

Interview with KTTC TV

Interview with the Associated Press

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Link Ch. 4 – Threats against authors

Although the story about death threats against author Salman Rushdie are relatively well known, many other authors around the world face threats of death or injury as well:

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Link Ch. 7 – Bringing Together Hillbilly and Rhythm & Blues

In Living in a Media World, I talk about how rock ‘n’ roll got started by bringing together white hillbilly (or country) music and and black rhythm & blues. I was reminded of that this weekend with the sad news about the death of R&B and pop superstar Whitney Houston.  One of her big hits was “I’ll Always Love You” from her movie The Bodyguard.  But what you may not know is that Whitney’s version was a cover of a country song.  ”I’ll Always Love You” is a Dolly Parton original that she wrote for the movie version of the musical The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas.  And while I generally don’t approve of new songs being written for movie versions of Broadway musicals, I’ll make an exception in this case.  Here’s both Miss Dolly and Miss Whitney’s version of this great song:

Dolly Parton – Live 2002

Whitney Houston – Official music video 1992

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Link Ch. 5 – Meet Editor Bonnie Fuller

For the last 20 years, editor Bonnie Fuller has been a driving force in the world of popular magazines.  In this video, she talks about how she got involved with magazine editing:

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Link Ch. 5 – State of the News Media: Magazines

Here is a collection of State of the News Media reports about the magazine industry:

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Link Ch. 5 – Beauty, Size & Age Part IV: A Very Special Issue

One issue that has stayed in my book Mass Communication: Living in a Media World has been the issue of beauty, size and age in magazine advertisements and editorial content. While the previous three posts date back a couple of years, here is an update of stories about “plus size,” “curvy,” or “love your body” models:

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Link Ch. 5 – Beauty, Size & Age Part III: Kelly Clarkson & Self Magazine

One issue that has stayed in my book Mass Communication: Living in a Media World has been the issue of beauty, size and age in magazine advertisements and editorial content.  Here is the third of three posts that look these issues over the years that I originally wrote back in 2009.

Is There In Truth No Beauty? Part III

Clarkson Self CoverSelf magazine has had it’s own controversy over the honesty of their portrayal of how women look – specifically singer Kelly Clarkson. The American Idol star was featured on the September 2009 cover of the magazine where her image went through the usual digital retouching for color correction and the like. The photo editor also added in a few digital hair extensions, and while he or she was at it, slimmed Clarkson down considerably. Usually such changes are met with denials or statements that there were only minimal changes made. But Self editor-in-chief Lucy Danziger said that when it comes to magazine cover shoots, editors should do whatever it takes to make the cover model look her best. Even if that means changing her body digitally. Danziger writes in her blog:

Portraits like the one we take each month for the cover of SELF are not supposed to be unedited or a true-to-life snapshot (more on that in a moment). When the cover girl arrives at the shoot, she is usually unmade up and casually dressed, and could be mistaken for a member of the crew or the editorial team in many cases. Once we do her makeup and hair, and dress her in beautifully styled outfits and then light her, we then set the best portrait photographer we can on a road to finding a pose and capturing a moment that shows her at her best…

Then we edit the film and choose the best pictures. This is done in tandem with the star; the creative director, Cindy Searight; the photographer; and myself. Then we allow the postproduction process to happen, where we mark up the photograph to correct any awkward wrinkles in the blouse, flyaway hair and other things that might detract from the beauty of the shot. This is art, creativity and collaboration. It’s not, as in a news photograph, journalism. It is, however, meant to inspire women to want to be their best. That is the point.

Did we alter her appearance? Only to make her look her personal best. Did we publish an act of fiction? No. Not unless you think all photos are that. But in the sense that Kelly is the picture of confidence, and she truly is, then I think this photo is the truest we have ever put out there on the newsstand. I love her spirit and her music and her personality that comes through in our interview in SELF. She is happy in her own skin, and she is confident in her music, her writing, her singing, her performing.

The Today Show also did a story on the Clarkson Self cover. You can view it here:

Usually when we talk about the ethics of digital photo editing, we’re getting at the honesty and authenticity of the image. But in the case of the Clarkson cover, the question is more what kind of message is the magazine sending to its readers. The Clarkson story was about “Total Body Confidence,” but the cover image seems to say that how you really look isn’t good enough.

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Link Ch. 5 – Beauty, Size & Age Part II: The Woman on p 194

One issue that has stayed in my book Mass Communication: Living in a Media World has been the issue of beauty, size and age in magazine advertisements and editorial content.  Here is the second of three posts that look these issues over the years that I originally wrote back in 2009.  There is a 2012 update at the end:

Is There In Truth No Beauty? Part II

Glamour photoGlamour magazine has set off somewhat of an Internet phenomenon with a small photo it ran on page 194 of its September 2009 issue. It’s a nearly nude image of model Lizzi Miller sitting on a bench with a great big smile on her face. As photos go, it’s no more than PG. Certainly other photos in the magazine, either editorial or advertising, showed more skin. So why is this photo garnering so much attention? Ms. Miller has a small belly pooch. Glamour Editor-In-Chief Cindi Leive writes on her blog:

It’s a photo that measures all of three by three inches in our September issue, but the letters about it started to flood my inbox literally the day Glamour hit newsstands. (As editor-in-chief, I pay attention to this stuff!) “I am gasping with delight …I love the woman on p 194!” said one…then another, and another, andanotherandanotherandanother. So…who is she? And what on earth is so special about her?

Here’s the deal: The picture wasn’t of a celebrity. It wasn’t of a supermodel. It was of a woman sitting in her underwear with a smile on her face and a belly that looks…wait for it…normal.

The photo goes with a story by Akiba Solomon on women feeling comfortable in their own skin. The photo has no caption, no mention of who the model is, no mention of the fact she wears a size 12/14 and weighs 180 pounds.

The response to this small photo – it’s not a cover photo, not promoed anywhere in the magazine – has been big.

There have been at least 770 comments added to Editor Leive’s blog post about the photo, not to mention the e-mails. Many of the comments are laudatory. One woman called it “the most amazing photograph I’ve ever seen in any women’s magazine,” while another wrote, “Thank you Lizzi, for showing us your beauty and confidence, and giving woman a chance to hopefully recognize a little of their own also.”

Miller loves the reaction she’s had to the photo:

“When I was young I really struggled with my body and how it looked because I didn’t understand why my friends were so effortlessly skinny. As I got older I realized that everyone’s body is different and not everyone is skinny naturally–me included! I learned to love my body for how it is, every curve of it. I used to be so self-conscious in a bikini because my stomach wasn’t perfectly defined. But everyone has different body shapes! And it’s not all about the physical! If you walk on the beach in your bikini with confidence and you feel sexy, people will see you that way too.”

Not everyone loved the photo and what it stood for, however. One commenter wrote, “I must say I have to agree that the normalization of obesity is a disturbing trend today.”Another commented,“We have enough problems with obesity in the US and don’t need your magazine promoting anymore of it. Shame on Glamour for thinking this was sexy!”

More interesting was the criticism of Glamour for using an image like the one of Miller as a publicity stunt:

[W]hile I do give Glamour a big thank you for showing us Lizzi at all, it was to create temporary buzz and to give themselves a pat on the back for “doing the right thing” for America’s women and girls, but when it comes down to dollars and cents they aren’t going to change a thing. Not being a cynic here…just a realist. Take care. I wish it could be different too.

Student journalist Rebecca Koons, writing in University of Iowa’s Daily Iowan, argues a similar position:

The only problem is, this type of positive attitude toward accepting and being oneself is not marketed nearly as much as it should be. We do have publications such as Self that are taking things in a healthier direction — aside from that whole Kelly Clarkson debacle. One can only hope that Glamour and others will begin to follow suit. While a total upheaval of beauty and fashion may never happen, one can only hope that baby steps like these will only help women find solace in embracing what they were born with.

Of course, none of this addresses the issue that Lizzi Miller at size 12/14 is hardly a plus size, though she is considered a plus size model. Even when there were magazines such as Graceand Mode targeted at size 12 women and larger, there were charges that only “skinny” plus-size models need apply.

Below is an interview with Miller and Leive from a recent Today show:

Update: 2/11/12

Since the photo and article were published in Glamour, model Lizzie Miller’s career has taken off.  In this interview with journalist Lydia Slater of London’s Daily Mail Miller says that she initially felt embarrassed when the photo was published because it showed her stretch marks and a tummy roll:

“I said to myself: ‘OK, It’s not the best picture, but it’s not a big deal.  And anyway, nobody’s going to see it.’”

But more than a year after “the photo” was published, Miller had become a superstar of the modeling world and says she has become much more accepting of her own size.

“We need to be celebrating skinny girls, curvy girls, tall girls, short girls, black girls, Asian girls and all nationalities,” Miller said. “I think that would make women feel a lot better about themselves.  We have a long way to go until a girl who’s curvy can be in a magazine without a lot of attention being drawn to her.”

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